This chapter begins with some clarifying definitions, the most important of which is Climate Change. The chapter then proceeds to look at how Modellers approach the question in hand.
The United Nations defines Climate Change as
Note that the term, misleadingly, does not mean changing climate.
Models generated by the Anointed consider changes to the Greenhouse Effect are driven by the assertion: ‘Anthropogenic Emissions cause Global Warming’.
Through circular reasoning and use of scenarios in shaping predictions, some unfavourable futures are forseen.
Although sometimes incorporating similar scientific principles, the Dissenters approach is to estimate the magnitude of contribution to the total Greenhouse effect made by elevated levels of certain atmospheric gases.
Mostly, these models find small to modest contributions.
Instead of trying to find the relationship between atmospheric gas concentrations and surface warming, the Cardinal model treats the Earth as a series of monthly 'experiments'. Various parameters (like temperatures) are measured monthly and fed to a model aimed at discerning, from the observations, to what extent, for example, increased carbon dioxide has contributed to enhance Greenhouse effect. The model utilises empirical parameters. Values for these parameters are estimated so as to minimise the difference of models 'outcome' to observed.
The author pioneered the Cardinal model.
Chapter 6 (pp 246-268) Goes into detail about the belief systems of Anointed and Dissenter
Chapter 7 (pp 268-284) covers the various philosphical approached to modelling